Commonwealth (U.S. state)

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Commonwealth is the name used by four of the 50 states in the United States in their full official name: Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Prior to 1776, each, in whole or in part, the English colony; all four stocks have a strong influence over the common law of England expressed in some of their laws and institutions.

Video Commonwealth (U.S. state)

Definisi

The term "commonwealth" does not describe or provide a particular political status or legal relationship when used by a country. Those who use it the same as those who do not. The traditional English term for a political community founded for the common good, is used symbolically to emphasize that these countries have "government on the basis of common people's agreement" as opposed to one legitimized through previous colonial status derived from the British crown. It refers to "wealth", or general well-being, from the public and derives from the free translation of the Latin term res publica .

The criminal allegations in these four countries carry the name of "commonwealth".

In addition to the four countries mentioned above, other countries also, sometimes, use the term "commonwealth" to call themselves:

• Vermont uses the term "Commonwealth" three times in its Constitution, alternately with the term "country".
• Delaware is primarily referred to as the "state" in the 1776 Constitution; however, the term "commonwealth" is also used in one of its articles.

Two US territories are also designated as "commonwealth": Puerto Rico and Northern Mariana Islands. When used in conjunction with territories under non-US sovereignty, the term broadly describes a territory that governs itself under its own adoption constitution and whose right of self-government will not be unilaterally withdrawn by the United States Congress.

Maps Commonwealth (U.S. state)

State

Kentucky

On September 28, 1786, residents of Kentucky County began petitioning the Virginia legislature for permission to become "a free and independent state, to be known as Commonwealth of Kentucky". On June 1, 1792, Kentucky County officially became a state. As in Virginia, the official title of the local elected attorney in each of Kentucky's political subdivisions is "Commonwealth Lawyer," as opposed to a more standardized District Attorney in another State or District Attorney. Kentucky is the only country outside the first 13 countries to use the Commonwealth in its name.

Massachusetts

Massachusetts is officially named "The Commonwealth of Massachusetts" by its constitution. The name " State of Massachusetts Bay " was used in all actions and resolved until 1780 and the first draft of the constitution. The current name can be traced to the second draft of the country's constitution, written by John Adams and ratified in 1780.

In Massachusetts, the term Country is sometimes used officially, but usually in a combined structure rather than as a standalone noun. This is evident in the name of the agency "Massachusetts State Police," Massachusetts State House and at "Bridgewater State Hospital".

Pennsylvania

The Seal of Pennsylvania does not use that term, but the legal process is on behalf of the Commonwealth and it is the traditional official name used in reference to the state. In 1776, the first constitution of the state of Pennsylvania referred to it as "Commonwealth" and "State", a pattern of use enshrined in the 1790, 1838, 1874, and 1958 constitutions. One of Pennsylvania's two intermediate courts is called the "Commonwealth Court".

Virginia

The name "Commonwealth of Virginia" dates back to its independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain. Virginia's first constitution (adopted on 29 June 1776) directed that "the Commission and the Grant shall be run, On behalf of the Commonwealth of Virginia, and tested by the Governor with the Seal of the Commonwealth annexed." The Commonwealth Secretary still issues a commission in this way.

Among other references, the constitution further states that criminal charges must conclude "against the peace and dignity of the Commonwealth". In addition, the official title of the local attorney elected in each of Virginia's political subdivisions is "Commonwealth Lawyer", as opposed to a more standardized District Attorney in another State or District Attorney.

In Virginia, the term country is sometimes used officially, but usually in a composite structure rather than as a stand-alone noun. This is evident in the name of the "Virginia State Enterprise Commission" and "Virginia State Police", and as in the name of "Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University". The state university in Richmond is known as "Virginia Commonwealth University"; there is also "Virginia State University", located in Ettrick.

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See also

• Crown colony
• Owned colonies

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Note

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References

Source of the article : Wikipedia